Auteurs: Gabriel E. García-Peña, Gavin H. Thomas, John D. Reynolds, Tamás Székely
Bron: BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY 2009 20(5):1026-1033; doi:10.1093/beheco/arp093
Abstract: Migratory behavior incurs energetic costs that may influence the time
and energy available for reproduction including territory
establishment, courtship, pair formation, incubation, and brood care.
Conversely pair formation and parental care may leave less time and
energy available for migration and other nonbreeding behaviors.
Therefore, natural selection favoring migratory behavior may influence
breeding system evolution and vice versa. We used phylogenetic
comparative methods to investigate relationships between migration
distance and the wide diversity of breeding systems in shorebirds
(sandpipers, plovers and allies). Consistent with previous studies, we
show that long-distance migration is associated with reduced male care
across shorebird species. We then use directional phylogenetic analyses
to test whether migration distances have tended to increase or decrease
over time and whether such evolutionary changes have preceded or
followed changes in parental care. We show that evolutionary
transitions from short-distance migration to long-distance migration
have coevolved with changes from full biparental care to reduced male
care. Furthermore, our directional analyses suggest that increments in
migration distance are more likely to have preceded reductions in male
care than vice versa. We also show that male polygamy is associated
with northern breeding latitudes when the nonbreeding latitude is
controlled statistically. Although this suggests that mating systems,
parental care, and migration have more complex relationships than
previously thought, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that
migration influences breeding system evolution.
Bron: BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY 2009 20(5):1026-1033; doi:10.1093/beheco/arp093
Abstract: Migratory behavior incurs energetic costs that may influence the time
and energy available for reproduction including territory
establishment, courtship, pair formation, incubation, and brood care.
Conversely pair formation and parental care may leave less time and
energy available for migration and other nonbreeding behaviors.
Therefore, natural selection favoring migratory behavior may influence
breeding system evolution and vice versa. We used phylogenetic
comparative methods to investigate relationships between migration
distance and the wide diversity of breeding systems in shorebirds
(sandpipers, plovers and allies). Consistent with previous studies, we
show that long-distance migration is associated with reduced male care
across shorebird species. We then use directional phylogenetic analyses
to test whether migration distances have tended to increase or decrease
over time and whether such evolutionary changes have preceded or
followed changes in parental care. We show that evolutionary
transitions from short-distance migration to long-distance migration
have coevolved with changes from full biparental care to reduced male
care. Furthermore, our directional analyses suggest that increments in
migration distance are more likely to have preceded reductions in male
care than vice versa. We also show that male polygamy is associated
with northern breeding latitudes when the nonbreeding latitude is
controlled statistically. Although this suggests that mating systems,
parental care, and migration have more complex relationships than
previously thought, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that
migration influences breeding system evolution.
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